属灵人物及作品简介Spiritual People/Works Intro

5月 司布真 May - Charles Haddon Spurgeon
1834年6月19日,司布真出生于英国艾赛克斯郡的凯维敦(Kelvedon)。他的祖先是荷兰清教徒,1568年避难来到英国。祖父是英国独立教会(Nonconformist)的牧师,司布真7岁以前与祖父同住,并喜欢上了本仁约翰(John Bunyan)的《天路历程(The Pilgrim's Progress)。据说,他一生读了《天路历程》一百遍。

经历重生

C.H.司布真生于一八三四年六月十九日,有荷兰清教徒血统的他自幼就大受清教传统的影响。他的父亲终日奔忙在福音工场上,他早年是与敬虔的祖父和祖母一起生活。这一对老人毕生时间都用在事奉上帝的工作上。司布真六岁时就在祖父家中的阁楼里发现了《天路历程》一书,从那时起一直到他离世归主他一生中读的次数最多的除了《圣经》以外就是这本《天路历程》。可以说他自小就浸淫在清教徒的精神之中。他七岁才回到自已的家中,父亲常常外出而他的母亲(Eliza)对他的帮助实在无法用言语来表达。他的母亲每天召聚她的儿女一同祷告敬拜上帝。

这些早年的经历虽然没有给他永生的确据,却为他的悔改归正以及日后的事奉打下了非常重要的基础。十五岁时他经历了真正内心的挣扎和黑暗,有半年的时间他活在一个心灵痛苦的光景中。这种挣扎在每一个清教徒的见证中差不多都可以看见,当然其中较著名的见证要数本仁·约翰所写的自传《丰盛的恩典》(Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners)一书了。

一八五零年一月六日,一个大雪纷飞的主日早晨,他无意中来到一个小小的教会(Primitive Methodist Church)。因交通受阻,那天传道人迟迟没有到来。牧师未能赶到,大家等了很久,乡村的一座小教会里的公众聚会推选一位平信徒讲道,他既没有受过训练,又没有准备,临时推举上台,心里求神赐他信息,这位看来是个鞋匠或裁缝样的人走到讲台前打开圣经向大家宣读了以赛亚书四十五章22节的话“地极的人都当仰望我,就必得救”。他的讲解非常简单:除非你仰望基督,没有其他的方法……只要仰望他!望他!望啊!望他!

当日司布真立时感觉天光照进黑暗挣扎的心灵。只要仰望上帝!好像以色列人在旷野仰望铜蛇一样,在上帝面前人无法做什么事来换得上帝的恩典,而上帝的恩借着赐给人的信必大大临到上帝的儿女身上。那是他真正清楚得救的时刻,也是他走上事奉上帝的道路的开始。

初期的侍奉

十六岁时他有了第一次讲道的经历,那是一次在他自己意料之外的机会。当时他并不知道与他同去聚会的弟兄不是讲员,他是在一个充满了内心的战栗和事奉上帝的兴奋中开始了他第一次毫无准备的讲道。那是在一个并不知名的小镇Taversham

但当上帝预备好了他的器皿之后,必将宝贝放在这器皿中供应那个时代的需要。司布真虽然年幼,却满了上帝的大能。他不知道别的,只知道宣讲耶稣并他钉十字架的信息,因为这十字架的信息,使他出黑暗入光明,他也要让更多的人与他一样享受在光明中的自由。

他的事奉很快得到大家的注意和认可。三年以后,就是他十九岁时,他收到了来自伦敦的牧会邀请。不过当他收到邀请信之时,他向一位同工说:“这封信一定是寄错了,不会是我的,定是同名同姓的另一人。”然后他回了一封信请他们查一下一定是写错了地址。结果他得到了New Park St. Baptist Chapel的再次邀请和解释。就这样,一个年轻而生长在乡下的圣徒走进了当时繁华而历史悠久的大都市——伦敦,从而把上帝的真道与复兴之火再次带回了伦敦。

那个有一千二百人的会所因为这个年青人的到来几次改建,虽然扩大到四千五百个座位,但最后还是不敷使用,只好租用伦敦可容一万到一万二千人的音乐厅来聚会。人们从各处来听道,他们实在从司布真的信息中看见了上帝的恩典,很多人悔改,在基督里找到了生命的平安。

这个年青人的事奉有个特点:就是真理的严谨、准确与火热的祷告。这是传道人实实在在要效法的,特别是我们现在的传道人,今日教会中反智的倾向越来越明显,特别在有些人公开发表了一些新神学派的言论之后。很多的圣徒不是为真道极力争辩,反而是采用了逃避的路线,一心放在灵性的火热实为神秘主义的狂热上面,而放弃了上帝托付的捍卫真理的责任。结果更是因宗教的狂热而授人以柄,令教会受到圣徒本身带来的更大的伤损。

司布真每次准备讲章,都是经过祷告确定信息的题目之后,请他的助手到他的书房中把所有相关这个题目的资料找出来,放在他的案头。他则进行系统有条理的查考,并总结出他要宣讲的信息的精华。这是他准备的过程。他不像那些自信有灵恩的传道人毫无准备地走上讲台,而是经过多方的查证、长期的深思而精炼出来的上帝的信息,但是还不止这些。

有一次一位朋友从远方慕名而来,当他听见司布真的讲道之后大受感动,于是想方设法见到他,并向他请教他属灵的能力是从什么地方来的。而司布真则把他带到他讲道的礼拜堂的地下室,那里有几百人正跪着向上帝祷告,求主加力量给司布真,并求主释放被撒但所捆绑的罪人。司布真告诉那位朋友说:“这就是我属灵能力的来源,是因为有很多人为我祷告,托住我。而且不是我一个人独自面对属灵的争战,而是全教会一同争战,所以我们自然在上帝面前大得能力。”

司布真的妻子

一八五六年一月八日,司布真与苏珊娜(Susannah Thompson)结为夫妻。这对爱侣成为极好的同工。司布真生活在乡间,朴实无华但举止难免粗俗,而且他所受的教育有限(他为了事奉了放弃了在大学里面深造的机会,所以十九岁时事奉已有果效)。但上帝为他所预备的妻子却是一位生长在城市,谈吐文雅而学问渊博的女子。她给与司布真的帮助,使他日后的事奉更严谨、更有影响。

他们结婚十二年后,苏珊娜的健康因病而大受影响,几乎成为废人。她天天盼望康复可以起来分担丈夫的工作,但是却一直没有起色。她于是祈求上帝让她能够用其他的方式来支持司布真的工作。于是她发动了赠书基金(Book Fund)的工作。从一八七五年开始,将司布真的讲章印成册子免费寄给各地的传道人,使司布真的信息广传于全国。二十年内,她寄出二十万本以上的书籍,供应了很多人属灵的需求。

而因着妻子苏珊娜的帮助,也使司布真成为一名多产的作家,他一生前后出版了一百三十五本书。这一对主忠心的仆人使女,使那一代人恢复了真实火热的信仰。但是不仅如此,因为司布真的作品的出版,直到今天仍然使人得到供应。目前翻成中文的作品也不少,很有司布真神学架构代表性的要算《都是恩典(All of Grace)一书了。这本小书中清楚地把改革宗的信仰表达出来,使人知道在上帝面前所依靠的只有上帝的恩典。

不久前在国内基督教协会出版的《清晨甘露》和《静夜亮光》(译自司布真的Morning and Evening)是两本不可多得的具有严谨神学思想的每日灵修作品。相信上帝一定会使用这本书造就帮助千千万万的中华儿女。

司布真的烟

说到司布真,这是一位曾经吸烟的传道人。

在国内一个传道人若是吸烟,那他几乎可以失去他传道人的资格。但是在司布真的时代烟草好像今日的茶或咖啡一样是一种时兴的消费品。因为在当时还没有发现烟草内有对人身体有害的尼古丁。所以可以想见,在那个时候吸烟并不是什么生活的问题,没有人会注意这些事,就像今天没有人注意你是喝红茶或花茶一样。不过司布真后来却戒了烟,但不是因为健康的问题。

有一天当他在店铺里买烟时发现烟商的广告牌上这样写着“这是大布道家司布真最喜爱的香烟品牌”。这则广告深深刺痛了司布真的心,他知道他是上帝的仆人,怎么可以成为商场上的招牌呢?这实在有损上帝的荣耀。因为这则广告的原因,他戒掉了吸烟的习惯。

从这件事上我们会发现在他的生活中一切都是以上帝的荣耀为中心。这一点上是今日很多注重名气、影响力的传道人所不能相比的。这也是那些以教会社交场所、洽谈买卖之地的基督徒甚至传道人好好反思的问题。我们是像司布真一样忠心为主呢?还是以敬虔为得利的门路、既要天国的福份又要世上的好处呢?

司布真于一八九二年一月三十一日归主,五十九岁。他虽然在基督里息了一切的劳苦,但他仍然向我们说话,他的话语仍然满了力量,使人回归上帝的怀抱。让我们效法他的脚踪,成为主恩典福音的见证人。

阅读更多...[司布真传记和作品]

Charles Haddon (C.H.) Spurgeon (June 19, 1834 – January 31, 1892) was a British Particular Baptist preacher who remains highly influential among Christians of different denominations, among whom he is still known as the "Prince of Preachers."

In his lifetime, Spurgeon preached to around 10,000,000 people, often up to 10 times each week at different places. His sermons have been translated into many languages. Spurgeon was the pastor of the congregation of the New Park Street Chapel (later the Metropolitan Tabernacle) in London for 38 years. He was part of several controversies with the Baptist Union of Great Britain and later had to leave that denomination. In 1857, he started a charity organization called Spurgeon's which now works globally. He also founded Spurgeon's College, which was named after him posthumously.

Spurgeon was a prolific author of many types of works including sermons, an autobiography, a commentary, books on prayer, a devotional, a magazine, poetry, hymnist, and more. Many sermons were transcribed as he spoke and were translated into many languages during his lifetime. Arguably, no other author, Christian or otherwise, has more material in print than C.H. Spurgeon.

Early beginnings

Born in Kelvedon, Essex, Spurgeon's conversion to Christianity came on January 6, 1850, at age fifteen. On his way to a scheduled appointment, a snow storm forced him to cut short his intended journey and to turn into a Primitive Methodist chapel in Colchester where "God opened his heart to the salvation message." The text that moved him was Isaiah 45:22 - "Look unto me, and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth, for I am God, and there is none else."

Later that year, on April 4, 1850, he was admitted to the church at Newmarket. His baptism followed on May 3 in the river Lark, at Isleham. Later that same year he moved to Cambridge. He preached his first sermon in the winter of 1850-51 in a cottage at Teversham, Cambridge; from the beginning of his ministry his style and ability were considered to be far above average. In the same year, he was installed as pastor of the small Baptist church at Waterbeach, Cambridgeshire, where he published his first literary work: a Gospel tract written in 1853.

New Park Street Chapel

In April 1854, after preaching three months on probation and just four years after his conversion, Spurgeon, then only 19, was called to the pastorate of London's famed New Park Street Chapel, Southwark (formerly pastored by the Particular Baptists Benjamin Keach, theologian John Gill, and John Rippon). This was the largest Baptist congregation in London at the time, although it had dwindled in numbers for several years. Spurgeon found friends in London among his fellow pastors, such as William Garrett Lewis of Westbourne Grove Church, an older man who along with Spurgeon went on to found the London Baptist Association. Within a few months of Spurgeon's arrival at Park Street, his ability as a preacher made him famous. The following year the first of his sermons in the "New Park Street Pulpit" was published. Spurgeon's sermons were published in printed form every week and had a high circulation. By the time of his death in 1892, he had preached nearly 3,600 sermons and published forty-nine volumes of commentaries, sayings, anecdotes, illustrations, and devotions.

Immediately following his fame was controversy. The first attack in the Press appeared in the Earthen Vessel in January 1855. His preaching, although not revolutionary in substance, was a plain-spoken and direct appeal to the people, using the Bible to provoke them to consider the claims of Jesus Christ. Critical attacks from the media persisted throughout his life.

The congregation quickly outgrew their building; it moved to Exeter Hall, then to Surrey Music Hall. In these venues Spurgeon frequently preached to audiences numbering more than 10,000. At twenty-two, Spurgeon was the most popular preacher of the day.

On January 8, 1856, Spurgeon married Susannah, daughter of Robert Thompson of Falcon Square, London, by whom he had twin sons, Charles and Thomas born on September 20, 1856. At the end of that year, tragedy struck on October 19, 1856, as Spurgeon was preaching at the Surrey Gardens Music Hall for the first time. Someone in the crowd yelled, "Fire!" The ensuing panic and stampede left several dead. Spurgeon was emotionally devastated by the event and it had a sobering influence on his life. He struggled against depression for many years and spoke of being moved to tears for no reason known to himself.

Metropolitan Tabernacle

On March 18, 1861, the congregation moved permanently to the newly constructed purpose-built Metropolitan Tabernacle at Elephant and Castle, Southwark, seating five thousand people with standing room for another one thousand. The Metropolitan Tabernacle was the largest church edifice of its day and can be considered a precursor to the modern "megachurch."  Spurgeon continued to preach there several times per week until his death 31 years later. He never gave altar calls at the conclusion of his sermons, but he always extended the invitation that if anyone was moved to seek an interest in Christ by his preaching on a Sunday, they could meet with him at his vestry on Monday morning. Without fail, there was always someone at his door the next day. He wrote his sermons out fully before he preached, but what he carried up to the pulpit was a note card with an outline sketch. Stenographers would take down the sermon as it was delivered; Spurgeon would then have opportunity to make revisions to the transcripts the following day for immediate publication. His weekly sermons, which sold for a penny each, were widely circulated and still remain one of the all-time best selling series of writings published in history.

Missionary preaching in China using The Wordless Book Besides sermons, Spurgeon also wrote several hymns and published a new collection of worship songs in 1866 called "Our Own Hymn Book". It was mostly a compilation of Isaac Watts' Psalms and Hymns that had been originally selected by John Rippon, a Baptist predecessor to Spurgeon. Singing in the congregation was exclusively a cappella under his pastorate. Thousands heard the preaching and were led in the singing without any amplification of sound that exists today. Hymns were a subject that he took seriously. While Spurgeon was still preaching at New Park Street, a hymn book called "The Rivulet" was published. Spurgeon's first controversy arose because of his critique of its theology, which was largely deistic. At the end of his review, Spurgeon warned:

“We shall soon have to handle truth, not with kid gloves, but with gauntlets, – the gauntlets of holy courage and integrity. Go on, ye warriors of the cross, for the King is at the head of you. ”

On June 5, 1862, Spurgeon also challenged the Church of England when he preached against baptismal regeneration in a famous sermon. However, Spurgeon taught across denominational lines as well. It was during this period at the new Tabernacle that Spurgeon found a friend in James Hudson Taylor, the founder of the inter-denominational China Inland Mission. Spurgeon supported the work of the mission financially and directed many missionary candidates to apply for service with Taylor. He also aided in the work of cross-cultural evangelism by promoting "The Wordless Book", a teaching tool that he described in a message given on January 11, 1866, regarding Psalm 51:7: "Wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow." This "book" has been and is still used to teach uncounted thousands of illiterate people - young and old - around the globe about the Gospel message.

Following the example of George Muller, Spurgeon founded the Stockwell Orphanage, which opened for boys in 1867 and for girls in 1879, and which continued in London until it was bombed in the Second World War. This orphanage became Spurgeon's Child Care which still exists today.

On the death of missionary David Livingstone in 1873, a discolored and much-used copy of one of Spurgeon's printed sermons, "Accidents, Not Punishments," was found among his few possessions much later, along with the handwritten comment at the top of the first page: "Very good, D.L." He had carried it with him throughout his travels in Africa. It was returned to Spurgeon and treasured by him.

Final years and death

Often Spurgeon's wife was too ill for her to leave home to hear him preach. C.H. Spurgeon too suffered ill health toward the end of his life, afflicted by a combination of rheumatism, gout, and Bright's disease. He often recuperated at Menton, near Nice, France, where he eventually died on 1892 January 31. Spurgeon's wife and sons outlived him. His remains were buried at West Norwood Cemetery in London, where the tomb is still visited by admirers.

Read more...[About Charles H. Spurgeon]

本站内容部份来自网上,如有损害您的权益的地方请告知,一定速速改正。

欢迎您给我们提出宝贵的意见和建议!

This site is © Copyright 2007, All Rights Reserved
 Designed by 丰盛恩典网站 WellsofGrace.com

(回网站首页