属灵人物及作品简介Spiritual People/Works Intro

6月 陶恕 June - Aiden Wilson Tozer


如施浸约翰成为主耶稣的先锋,为他预备道路。陶恕也是在历史中荒凉期间,是所神兴起来的一位先知。他因着有一颗单纯渴慕神的心,得以听见神那隐秘的声音,并看见他的荣面。这个深刻的属灵经历,使他有权柄和勇气,在这邪恶堕落的世代,单独地为神作见证,一生忠心地事奉神。他弃绝一切的理学、传统知识,只谨慎地以圣经中神纯正完全的话为根基。他不倚靠任何力量,只倚靠圣灵的能力。

  在他一生中,他热切地与神相交,在圣灵的引导下来解释神的话语和旨意。由于他清心的追求,他发现了不少隐藏的真理。在他的信息中,为了维护纯正的真理,往往直接地指出许多这世代的不义与掺杂,而成为二十世纪的“愤怒的先知”。

但在这荒凉的世代,他那充满了对神渴慕的信息,正供应了不少属灵饥渴的圣徒,使他们得以饮于活水的泉源。

1915年,他十八岁生日快到时,陶恕得救了。那经历就像当日保罗往大马色的途中遇见主一样。当时他身在闹市的街角,与一位年长的露天传道人一起。那人所说的话中肯有力。他说:“你若不知道怎样可以得救,只要呼喊神,说:‘主阿,怜悯我这个罪人!’”于是陶恕回到家里,躲在楼上,内心开始挣扎,与神接触、摔跤。

  结果,他从房间出来时,已是个新造的人了。跟着他在亚克朗的恩典循道会聚会,然后在弟兄会里受浸。他重生得救的过程似乎是一瞬间,其实在这之前,神已作了相当长久的预备;譬如借着他的祖母玛嘉烈,经常向孙儿们讲述神,也借各样的环境翻松土壤,把生命的种子撒到他里头。

  得救后,圣灵的工作改变了他的生命。他的心窍开启了,并且主所给的恩赐,也逐渐在他身上显露,家人和朋友都能看见他的改变。不过这只是他属灵旅程的开端,要走的路还长远呢!他的性格需要经过主的磨练,恩典与知识,还需要不断增长。圣灵的果子成熟,必须待以时日。渐渐,他年轻时愤世嫉俗的态度除掉了,对主信心日坚。以前专好争吵辩论,现在也变得比较仁慈体贴了。

  陶恕一得救马上为主作见证,跟弟兄姊妹一同在街上传福音,又召开祷告众会。起初他只凭一股火热,不等候圣灵感动,就跑去挨家挨户按门钤,邀请人到他家里聚会。

陶恕自己动笔写的书共有九本,目前美国基督徒出版社 (Christian Publications)出版的陶恕书目约有四十本,其中的三十本,是出自他的讲道记录,也有的是将他在刊物上发表过的文章,编集成书。

陶恕出版的第一本书,是一本传记,即一九四三年出版的《展翅》(Wingspread)。《展翅》亦即宣道会创办人宣信 (Albert Benjamin Simpson)的传记。

陶恕于一九四七年,推出他创作的第二本书——《容我的百姓去》(Let My People Go),这本书是翟辅民 (Robert Alexander Jaffray)的传记。

陶恕在《容我的百姓去》的序言里,曾谈及基督教传记著作的重要性。陶恕说:“在圣经之外对基督徒信心生活贡献最大的可能是传记。令人注意的是圣经本身有相当大的部分是交代先知们族长们和君王们的生平和事工。写到他们的所是、所为和所说。写到他们如何祷告、如何劳苦,和如何受害最后如何得胜。”

一九四八年,陶恕整个晚上没有睡,他的话语从里面源源不绝地涌出来,他几乎来不及把这些灵感记在稿纸上。第二天早晨火车到达麦亚伦时,整本书《渴慕神》(The Pursuit of God)也就写毕。

《渴慕神》出版之后,陶恕登时成为美国卓越的基督教作家。读者们争先恐后地抢购这本书。这本书成为二十世纪的先知书。

《渴慕神》虽然是在二十四小时之内在火车上写成草稿的,但是这本书的腹稿是陶恕长期跪在神面前祷告之后,从神直接领受的。难怪这本书带有先知锐利的洞察力,同时蕴藏了无比的力量和祝福。

在《渴慕神》一书中,陶恕这样写着:

“我们渴慕神,唯一的原因是他先把那种寻求他的心愿,放在我们心的深处。我们的主说,如果不是差我来的父吸引人,就没有人能到我这里来。由于是他先吸引我们,因此我们不能夸口自己的功劳。 渴慕神的心是出乎神,但是我们这方面的回应就是紧紧地追随他。当我们寻求他的时候,我们实际上是在他的手中,因他说过,他的手扶持着我。”

陶恕写这本书时,内心经过挣扎和争战,几乎每一行字都是在祷告中和默想中渴慕神的结晶品,当年这本书风靡全球,时至今日该书仍读之有益。《渴慕神》这本书已被译为阿拉伯文、阿美尼亚文、中文、荷兰文、德文、希腊文、印度的古吉拉特邦文 (Gujarati)、印地语 (Hindu)、日文、坦桑尼亚的奇素古马文 (Kisukuma)、朝鲜文、印度的马拉奇文 (Marathi)、葡萄牙文、罗马尼亚文,和西班牙文等。所有这些译本的总销数无法准确估计;能够掌握到精确数字的只有英文版本,销数早已超过一百万册。

陶恕一生的忠心事奉神,正如他在受职成为牧师时的祷告一般,他只拣选神的旨意,并忠心的为神说话。由于他的信息简洁、有力,且切中时弊,故被公认为二十世纪的先知。虽然在他中年时,称许、荣誉从各方而都临到他,但这些,一点未影响他向神所存单纯的心,也没有叫他的能力受到损伤,他仍然只要神的自己;因此,到了晚年,他属灵的生命便越显丰富。

  多年经历神、与神交通相默想神的话语,使他成为一个更深认识神的人。就像雅各临终时,扶着杖头敬拜神一样,陶恕晚年的信息,也充满了对神的敬拜;他认为一切的聚会、祷告、赞美、唱诗、见证或写作的中心都是神自己,而这一切的高峰,乃在于对神的敬拜与赞颂。这是永世时圣徒惟一所要作的,如同启示录中的二十四位长老,在神面前不住的敬拜一样。

 他的祷告影响他的讲道颇深。他不仅单对人讲祷告,其实,他每一篇信息实际,就是他祷告所产生的结果。他经常平卧在地上祷告;先用一张纸铺在地面,使地毡的尘埃不至沾到脸上,然后,郑重地谦卑俯伏,仰望三一神的荣美。在这样的敬拜、仰望中,神自己就向他显现启示。

  陶恕深觉基督徒的生命,就是祷告的生命。我们的祷告与生活必须平衡,整体来看,我们有多高的生活,就应当产生多高的祷告。在急难中的呼求,就像太平门,只是供给人临时脱难,并不能代替正常的祷告生活;反之,这类祷告是不正常的,只是一时的属灵行为。水不能高过本来的水平,照样,一个基督徒也不能以突然、间歇性的努力,来提高本身属灵生命的水准。果子的产生,完全根据树的生命的情形。

  看见了祷告的要紧后,陶恕每作一件事,都谦卑的带到神面前,作长久的祷告与寻求。他的许多著作,都是在长时间祷告和默想中成全的。他的著作绝不是头脑的神学,而是内在深处生发对神的渴慕。《渴慕神》(The Pursuit of God)这本书,乃是他长期跪在神面前祷告中成全的。所以,这书充满了无比的力量和祝福。

  在这方面属灵的经历,可从他晚年所著——《认识至圣者》(The Knowledge of The Holy)的书中看见。全书充满了他对神各面品格的认识和经历,以真诚敬拜者的生命表现出来,完全没有神学八股的言论,也非以优美委婉之词吸引人。

  他说:“神是一位有位格的神,当我们准备我们的心寻求他时,我们对祂的认识,必因越亲密就越增多。当神的荣耀借着圣经的话,向我们里面照亮时,我们可能改变以前对神的信心,也许我们需要安静且温和地与当前教会中,盛行的拘泥原文或译本的研经风气断开。”(认识至圣者第二十三章)

  这是他对当今教会荒凉的光景,和一些信徒对神低浅的认识,所提出之惟一的救法。他心中充满了神自己,他的负担不再是作一个愤怒的先知,斥责这邪恶的世代;而是实用、直接地高举神,把人领到神面前,让神的儿女借着圣灵的引导,对神有更深的认识和经历,从而对神产生正确的敬拜,并学习在凡事上认识他、经历他。


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Born April 21, 1897, in the mountainous region of western Pennsylvania, Aiden Wilson Tozer influenced his generation like no other individual.
During his lifetime, Tozer, as he preferred, earned the reputation of a twentieth-century prophet. His spiritual gifts afforded him a degree of insight regarding biblical truth and the nature and state of the evangelical church in his day. Able to express his perceptions in a beautiful, simple, forceful manner, Tozer was often the voice of God when the words of others were but echoes. He saw through the fog of modern Christianity, pointing out the rocks on which it might flounder if it continued its course.
Just before his 17th birthday, Tozer heard a street preacher on a corner in Akron, Ohio, as he walked home from his job at a rubber factory. He could not shake off the simple message. "If you don't know how to be saved," the preacher said, "just call on God, saying, 'Lord, be merciful to me a sinner.'" Wrestling with God for some time at home, Tozer emerged from his attic sanctuary a new creature in Christ.
Under the tutelage of his future mother-in-law, Tozer progressed rapidly in the things of God. She encouraged him to read good books, study the Bible, and pray. She also urged him to preach, often gathering people in her home to hear him.
In 1919, without formal education, they called Tozer to pastor a small storefront church in Nutter Fort, West Virginia. In these humble beginnings Tozer and his new bride, Ada Cecilia Pfaust, launched a ministry that was to span some forty-four years in The Christian and Missionary Alliance. Other churches in Indiana and Ohio would follow.
In 1928 Tozer received a call from The Southside Alliance Church in Chicago. That first Sunday in Chicago was notable. Francis Chase, a commercial illustrator, and close friend of Tozer's, remembered that first service. "He said very little and I didn't expect much. He was slight with plenty of black hair, and certainly not a fashion plate as we say. He wore a black tie about 1 1/4 inches in width. His shoes were even then outmoded; high tops with hooks part way up. I introduced him and left the platform. He said nothing about being pleased to be there or any other pat phrases usually given on such occasions, but simply introduced his sermon topic, which was, "God's Westminster Abbey," based on the eleventh chapter of Hebrews."
Writing to a friend after accepting the call to Chicago, Tozer confided, "As soon as I passed the city limits of Indianapolis I had a favorable earnest of my decision. There swept over my soul a sweet peace and I knew that I was in the will of God."
From the first, his approach to preaching captivated the congregation - with superior language and phrases - and his splendid voice and diction. Numbering around eighty people when Tozer began, the congregation had to build larger facilities in 1941 to accommodate about 800. Many felt there were only two great churches in Chicago: Moody Memorial Church with Harry Ironside and Southside Alliance Church where Tozer pastored. Hundreds of people, especially nearby college students, flocked to his services.
From 1951 to 1959 Tozer's ministry enlarged when WMBI, the Moody radio station, broadcast a weekly program originating from his church study. His ministry to the nearby Bible colleges was his special delight. Tozer pastored the Southside Alliance Church from 1928 until 1959, when he accepted the call from the Avenue Road Alliance Church in Toronto, Canada.
Tozer was fond of saying, "I refuse to allow any man to put his glasses on me and force me to see everything in his light." He literally burned the midnight oil in his quest for truth. Giving himself to the study of the great classics in religion, philosophy, literature, poetry, the church fathers and Christian mystics. His special love for poetry and the hymns of the church gave wings to his preaching and writing. A voracious reader, he would read a bit, then think and meditated on what he had read. He often said, "You should think ten times more than you read." He never read a book merely to say he had read it. Always a book was to lead him on in his quest for God. In an editorial on the subject Tozer said that the best book was the one that starts the reader on a train of thought and then bows out, its work finished.
In 1950 Tozer was elected editor of the Alliance Weekly, now the Alliance Life, official magazine of The Christian and Missionary Alliance. The committee that presented Tozer's name said of him, "His clear and forceful style and Bible-loving Christians will approve his unique presentation of a Christ-centered gospel . . . everywhere." That proved prophetic, as under Tozer's leadership the magazine doubled in circulation. The Alliance Weekly, more than anything else, helped establish Tozer as a spokesman to the evangelical church at large. Someone observed that the Alliance Weekly was the only magazine subscribed to solely for its editorials. Many subscribed to the Alliance Weekly simply for Tozer's pungent editorials and insightful articles.
Tozer's forte was his prayer life. He often said, "As a man prayed so is he." To him the worship of God was paramount in his life and ministry. He believed that true service would flow out of pure worship. His preaching and his writings were but extensions of his prayer life. What he discovered in prayer soon found its way into his sermons, then articles and editorials and finally into his many books.
Tozer greatly appreciated craftsmanship and excellence. His writings reveal that he demanded the utmost from himself. Wide reading and a disciplined mind provided him tremendous resources for the apt expressions that flowed from his tongue and pen. Often he would say, "There's a right word; use it." Invariably he had the right word at his fingertips.
The great care with which he produced his books established him as a devotional writer of a classic nature who will long be read when we forget his spoken ministry. He labored diligently to develop a style and strength of expression that continually attracted attentions.
Tozer's lively imagination and descriptive powers gave force and vividness to his presentations. He spent hours meticulously producing sermons that we could describe as majestic and profound. Instead of shouting, he used crisp, precise, climatic sentences. His voice and delivery were rather quiet, but the sermon penetrated the soul.
Through his preaching and writing Tozer issued a clarion call for evangelicals to return to authentic, biblical, personal and inward positions that characterized the Christian church when she was most faithful to Christ and His Word. As he expounded the Scriptures, analyzing, or explaining a biblical truth, listeners were brought face to face with decisions they would never forget or regret.
As an intellectual beast of prey, Tozer could tear the faulty arguments of an author to pieces. He seemed to have a spiritual intuition enabling him to scent error, name it for what it was and reject it in one decisive act.
Tozer's method of preaching was the strong declaration of biblical principles, never merely an involvement in word studies, clever outlines or statistics. Listening to his recorded sermons or reading any of his books, the observer will notice the absence of alliteration. He thought alliteration was artificial. His style was the simple unfolding of truth as naturally as a flower unfolding in the sunlight.
Much like that of Will Rogers, we can describe Tozer’s humor as good, honest, homespun wit. He was not a storyteller or joke-teller, but in the turn of a phrase, a sharp observation through satire or a homely illustration, he got his point across.
In the true and best sense of the word, Tozer was a mystic. He placed great emphasis on the contemplation of divine things resulting in the God conscious life.
The last literary project of Tozer's, completed just before his death and published several months after, was THE CHRISTIAN BOOK OF MYSTICAL VERSE. This was a compilation of a wealth of mystic poetry that had warmed and blessed Tozer's heart throughout the years.
In his daily walk and ministry Tozer had a sense of God that enveloped him in reverence and adoration. His one daily exercise was the practice of the presence of God, pursuing Him with all his strength and energy. To him, Jesus Christ was a daily wonder, a recurring astonishment, a continual amazement of love and grace.
Toward the end of his life Tozer remarked, "I have found God to be cordial and generous and in every way easy to live with." For almost fifty years Tozer lived in God. He was not a perfect man; He had his faults and “warts,” possessed a disposition that caused him grief and heartache. Although never nasty or venomous, at times he had to apologize to those he inadvertently hurt when he spontaneously popped their balloons of pretense, pomposity and posturing.
Toward the end of his ministry he requested of his congregation: "Pray for me in the light of the pressures of our times. Pray that I will not just come to a wearied end ?- an exhausted, tired old preacher, interested only in hunting a place to roost. Pray that I will be willing to let my Christian experience and Christian standards cost me something right down to the last gasp!"
On May 12, 1963, A.W. Tozer's earthly labors ended. His faith in God's majesty became sight as he entered His presence. At the funeral his daughter Becky said something typical of what Tozer himself would have said. "I can't feel sad; I know Dad's happy; he's lived for this all his life." And so he had. Although his physical presence is far removed from us, Tozer will continue to minister to those thirsty for the things of God.

Read more...[About Aiden Wilson Tozer]

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